CERIS

10 The use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) has increased in recent years, mostly due to the potential 11 of the methodology for improving construction project performance and efficiency. With a view to 12 achieving a better understanding of the research work on this subject, this paper conducts a bibliometric 13 analysis and a review of existing literature on BIM focusing on the last decade. The authors selected the 14 articles published in journals with an impact factor higher then 1.0, as well as the top 100 most cited articles. 15 The search resulted on 381 articles, which were then categorised in order to systematise the research 16 conducted over the years. The authors have not only analysed the existing literature but also highlighted 17 new emerging fields in BIM research, being possible to identify Collaborative Environments and 18 Interoperability, Sustainable Construction, BIM Adoption & Standardisation, and BIM Programming as 19 the categories with the most significant growth in the last years. It was also observed that the most 20 researched topics were related with the development of BIM tools, the study of BIM adoption worldwide, 21 the energy simulation using BIM-based information and, more recently, with the semantic interoperability 22 and ontology. On the other hand, the study on BIM at the academic level is very small, as well as parametric 23 modelling and quantity takeoff .

1. INTRODUCTION Building sector in the European Union (EU) has currently the highest share in energy consumption (40%) and produces 38% of EU's greenhouse gas [1]. With the European Commission promoting sustainable targets, to be reached by 2020, as the increase of energy efficiency, 20% share of renewable energy sources, and reduce the greenhouse gas emissions by 80-95% by 2050, compared to the levels of 1990, building sector must undergo deep changes [2-5]. In order to not only improve the competitiveness of European construction companies, but also to increase the sustainability of the building sector within the EU, it becomes crucial to improve the efficiency of built environment through renovations and promote the use of new technologies in the construction industry and the adequate training of its workers. European Commission believes that initiatives in EU Member States on sustainable aspects of built environment, such as energy efficiency, can lead to a 90% greenhouse gas emissions reduction until 2050, significantly contribute for the job creation, as well as improve the efficiency of resources usage in the building sector [1, 6]. Hence, construction companies must adapt and pursue innovative approaches that not only saves resources as time. An answer can be found in the Building Information Modelling (BIM) methodology. It is a methodology that is based on a rich information digital model (visualisation aspect) but also in the collaborative aspect of all involved parties, since the earliest stage of a project [7]. In 2014 the EU approved the European Union Public Procurement Directive (EUPPD) [8], which aims to modernise the existing EU public procurement rules by simplifying the procedures, making them more flexible and encouraging the use of BIM in public works. Taking into consideration this recent interest of European Commission in BIM, as well as the promotion of sustainable methodologies, such as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Costing (LCC), to achieve their ambitious targets by 2020, it becomes imperative that the AEC sector adapts to this reality as soon as possible [6]. Portuguese construction companies must become aware of this situation in order to be at the same level as its European competition. For that purpose, guidelines and recommendations on BIM uses and methodological guides should be developed for Portuguese reality, based on current best-practices in other Member States. This paper sets out to provide the readers with: (i) European Commission instruments available for Member States, namely funds; (ii) BIM implementation in Portugal; and (iii) proposal of a BIM guide for Energy Analysis for Portuguese reality.

The construction industry and researchers have been exploring new techniques to improve the sustainability of buildings. One such solution is the use of a recent technology such as building information modelling (BIM). Accordingly, the present article reviews the current state of literature on sustainable construction and BIM, including the latter’s evolution. In contrast to previous reviews on this subject, the present work has a broader scope that covers the environmental, economic, and social dimensions and their combinations. To obtain a comprehensive review, the authors conducted an informetric analysis of the literature and categorised it based on a content analysis. A total of 11 different terms and 28 combinations were used to collect relevant literature on this subject, resulting in a total of 317 journal articles for the period between 2008 and 2017. The information obtained from informetric analysis was later validated by a content analysis, in which gaps and trends were identified. It was observed that publications on this subject registered an exponential growth, with 90% of the articles being published in the last five years. The authors identified a gap in literature pertaining to the integration of the three dimensions of sustainability; however, literature on the integration of sustainable performance and BIM has grown considerably in recent years, which indicates that BIM is increasingly being used as a reliable method for sustainable construction practices.

There is a growing concern in society for the environmental impacts of a built environment. In this regard, the use of building information modelling (BIM) tools has arisen as a new trend in the construction industry to improve the sustainable assessments of buildings in the design phase. For that purpose, current approaches either focus on the use of BIM together with several programmes, or solely use it for an automatic quantity take-off. However, as noted in the literature, the lack of semantic information within BIM models can lead to ineffective decision-making processes and models that are unsuitable for the operation and maintenance stages. Therefore, the present study explores the potential of BIM as a repository for the life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle costing (LCC) information, and how that information should be used for an environmental and economic analysis. By doing so, the authors intend to discuss the potential of BIM as a data repository and its capacity for supporting an automatic/semi-automatic environmental and economic assessment.

"The paper examines the relationship between space and learning in university context. The research questions are focused on identifying and characterizing the spatial properties of the university learning settings, which support and facilitate the generation, sharing and acquisition of knowledge. These
interactions rely on a social and informational framework, which is expressed differently in every setting. It aims at identifying urban and architectural settings that host knowledge acquisition and or transmission. It will offer a tool to create or modify a setting that facilitates predetermined experiences and interactions. This
tool also enables the creation of an urban/architecture system, creating a new sense of continuous learning place. It scopes several thematics: scale, learning mode, actors, interaction, environmental characteristics and morphology; aiming at
a succinct and structured characterization of every type of space."